Chapter Headings in the RRB

Sunday, September 20, 2026

 RRB notes: Psalm 110


Psalms 110 KJV


A Psalm of David.


1. The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. [1]


[1] The verse is quoted six times in the New Testament (Matt. 22:44; Mark 12:36; Luke 20:42; Acts 2:33-35; Heb. 1:13, 10:12-13). Given this emphasis, the United Nations should be in a state of mortal terror. They will end up licking the dust (Psa. 72:9; Isa. 49:23; Rev. 2:26-27) and kissing the feet (Psa. 2:8-12) of a military dictator who rules as a “Zionist” in Jerusalem on Mount Zion (Psa. 2:6).


2. The LORD shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies.


3. Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: [a] thou hast the dew of thy youth.


[a] Second Advent (Mal. 4:1-5; Matt. 13:43; Judg. 5:31; 2 Sam. 23:4; Exod. 19:16; Psa. 49:14; Isa. 21:12, 58:8; Hos. 6:3).


4. The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. [b]


[b] Heb. 7:11-22.


5. The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings [c] in the day of his wrath.


[c] Rev. 16:12, 17:12.


6. He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill the places with the dead bodies; [d] he shall wound the heads over many countries. [e]


[d] Rev. 14:20, 19:17-18 cf. Psa. 79:2.


[e] Hab. 3:12-13.


7. He shall drink of the brook in the way: therefore shall he lift up the head. [2]


[2]  Enigmatical. Nobody has ever expounded it properly yet and probably never will. Nearly all the commentators spiritualize it and give you nonsense. Old Testament types similar to it can be found in 1 Samuel 30:9-10 and Judges 7:5-6, 15:17-19. If you took it literally, Jesus would be “renewing his youth” (vs. 3), having been cut off before He was forty years old (Isa. 53:8). At the Advent, He is shown making His way back to Jerusalem, stomping on a Moslem graveyard as He rides through the Eastern Gate. He stops long enough at the Brook Kidron, crossing the brook on His white horse (Zech. 14:3-10; Jer. 31:39-40; John 18:1) to take a drink of water.

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 Proverbs Chapter 20


Proverbs 20 KJV


1. Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging: and whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise. [a]


[a] Memorize (Prov. 23:29-35).


2. The fear of a king is as the roaring of a lion: [b] whoso provoketh him to anger sinneth against his own soul. [c]


[b] Second Advent (Prov. 19:12).


[c] E.g., David (1 Sam. 25:32-35).


3. It is an honour for a man to cease from strife: but every fool will be meddling.


4. The sluggard will not plow by reason of the cold; therefore shall he beg in harvest, and have nothing.


5. Counsel in the heart of man is like deep water; but a man of understanding will draw it out.


6. Most men will proclaim every one his own goodness: [d] but a faithful man who can find?


[d] Prov. 16:2, 18:17.


7. The just man walketh in his integrity: his children are blessed after him.


8. A king that sitteth in the throne of judgment scattereth away all evil with his eyes. [e]


[e] White Throne Judgment (Rev. 20:11).


9. Who can say, I have made my heart clean, I am pure from my sin?


10. Divers weights, and divers measures, both of them are alike abomination to the LORD.


11. Even a child is known by his doings, whether his work be pure, and whether it be right.


12. The hearing ear, and the seeing eye, the LORD hath made even both of them.


13. Love not sleep, lest thou come to poverty; [f] open thine eyes, and thou shalt be satisfied with bread. [g]


[f] Prov. 6:9-10.


[g] Prov. 12:11, 19:15.


14. It is naught, it is naught, saith the buyer: but when he is gone his way, then he boasteth.


15. There is gold, and a multitude of rubies: but the lips of knowledge are a precious jewel.


16. Take his garment that is surety for a stranger: and take a pledge of him for a strange woman.


17. Bread of deceit is sweet to a man; but afterwards his mouth shall be filled with gravel. [h]


[h] E.g., Gehazi (2 Kings 5:20-27).


18. Every purpose is established by counsel: and with good advice make war.


19. He that goeth about as a talebearer revealeth secrets: therefore meddle not with him that flattereth with his lips.


20. Whoso curseth his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness.


21. An inheritance may be gotten hastily at the beginning; but the end thereof shall not be blessed.


22. Say not thou, I will recompense evil; but wait on the LORD, and he shall save thee. [i]


[i] Rom. 12:14-17; Heb. 10:30.


23. Divers weights are an abomination unto the LORD; and a false balance is not good.


24. Man’s goings are of the LORD; how can a man then understand his own way?


25. It is a snare to the man who devoureth that which is holy, and after vows to make enquiry.


26. A wise king scattereth the wicked, and bringeth the wheel over them.


27. The spirit of man is the candle of the LORD, searching all the inward parts of the belly.


28. Mercy and truth preserve the king: and his throne is upholden by mercy.


29. The glory of young men is their strength: and the beauty of old men is the gray head.


30. The blueness of a wound cleanseth away evil: so do stripes the inward parts of the belly.


Saturday, September 19, 2026

 RRB notes: Psalm 109


Psalms 109 KJV


To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.


1. Hold not thy peace, O God of my praise;


2. For the mouth of the wicked [a] and the mouth of the deceitful are opened against me: they have spoken against me with a lying tongue.


[a] A reference to Judas Iscariot as “the son of perdition” (vss. 3-8; John 17:12; Rev. 17:8). See note on Job 15:20.


3. They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause. [b]


[b] John 15:25; see note on vs. 20.


4. For my love they are my adversaries: but I give myself unto prayer.


5. And they have rewarded me evil for good, and hatred for my love.


6. Set thou a wicked man over him: and let Satan stand at his right hand. [c]


[c] Zech. 3:1.


7. When he shall be judged, let him be condemned: and let his prayer become sin.


8. Let his days be few; and let another take his office. [d]


[d] Acts 1:20.


9. Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow.


10. Let his children be continually vagabonds, and beg: let them seek their bread also out of their desolate places.


11. Let the extortioner catch all that he hath; and let the strangers spoil his labour.


12. Let there be none to extend mercy unto him: neither let there be any to favour his fatherless children.


13. Let his posterity be cut off; and in the generation following let their name be blotted out.


14. Let the iniquity of his fathers be remembered with the LORD; and let not the sin of his mother be blotted out.


15. Let them be before the LORD continually, that he may cut off the memory of them from the earth. [1]


[1] The verse deals with the demise of the Antichrist (Isa. 14:4-10, 19-22; Rev. 19:19-20), and it is coupled with his dealings with the “poor and needy” (Psa. 10:8, 69:33, 72:12, 109:16; James 2:1-7, 5:1-6; 1 John 3:17). Doctrinally, verses 9-19 are a Second Advent passage.


16. Because that he remembered not to shew mercy, but persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart.


17. As he loved cursing, so let it come unto him: as he delighted not in blessing, so let it be far from him. [e]


[e] Second Advent (cf. Rev. 13:5-6).


18. As he clothed himself with cursing like as with his garment, so let it come into his bowels like water, and like oil into his bones.


19. Let it be unto him as the garment which covereth him, and for a girdle wherewith he is girded continually.


20. Let this be the reward of mine adversaries from the LORD, and of them that speak evil against my soul. [2]


[2] Verses 9-20 are an “imprecatory” prayer – a prayer for the damnation of an enemy. In this case, the “prayer warrior” is the Lord Jesus Christ, the very One who prayed “Father, forgive them” (Luke 23:34).


21. But do thou for me, O GOD the Lord, for thy name’s sake: because thy mercy is good, deliver thou me.


22. For I am poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me.


23. I am gone like the shadow [f] when it declineth: I am tossed up and down as the locust.


[f] Job 16:16, 8:9, 17:7.


24. My knees are weak through fasting; and my flesh faileth of fatness. [g]


[g] Job 7:5, 19:20, 33:21.


25. I became also a reproach  [h] unto them: when they looked upon me they shaked their heads.


[h] Like Job and Christ (Psa. 69:9, 20; Job 20:3, 19:3).


26. Help me, O LORD my God: O save me according to thy mercy:


27. That they may know that this is thy hand; that thou, LORD, hast done it. [i]


[i] Like Job (Job 9:16-18, 22, 24, 31) and Jesus Christ (Isa. 53:10; Acts 2:23, 36).


28. Let them curse, but bless thou: when they arise, let them be ashamed; but let thy servant rejoice.


29. Let mine adversaries be clothed with shame, and let them cover themselves with their own confusion, as with a mantle.


30. I will greatly praise the LORD with my mouth; yea, I will praise him among the multitude.


31. For he shall stand at the right hand of the poor, [j] to save him from those that condemn his soul.


[j] Psa. 16:8, 110:1; Matt. 22:44.


>>>>>>> Additional Notes <<<<<<<


Note on Job 15:20 KJV


The wicked man [1] travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.


[1] References to the Antichrist (“the son of perdition”) in the Tribulation. The whole passage is Second Advent. It is given as simply the description of a “wicked man.” But in Psalm 10:2-15, you will find “the wicked” connected with the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. This is “that Wicked” of 2 Thessalonians  2:8.

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 Proverbs Chapter 19


Proverbs 19 KJV


1. Better is the poor that walketh in his integrity, than he that is perverse in his lips, and is a fool. [a]


[a] Vs. 22.


2. Also, that the soul be without knowledge, it is not good; and he that hasteth with his feet sinneth. [b]


[b] Popular expression: “Haste makes waste” (see App. 7).


3. The foolishness of man perverteth his way: and his heart fretteth against the LORD.


4. Wealth maketh many friends; but the poor is separated from his neighbour.


5. A false witness shall not be unpunished, and he that speaketh lies shall not escape. [c]


[c] Vs. 9.


6. Many will intreat the favour of the prince: and every man is a friend to him that giveth gifts.


7. All the brethren of the poor do hate him: how much more do his friends go far from him? he pursueth them with words, yet they are wanting to him.


8. He that getteth wisdom loveth his own soul: he that keepeth understanding shall find good.


9. A false witness shall not be unpunished, and he that speaketh lies shall perish.


10. Delight is not seemly for a fool; much less for a servant to have rule over princes.


11. The discretion of a man deferreth his anger; and it is his glory to pass over a transgression.


12. The king’s wrath is as the roaring of a lion; [d] but his favour is as dew upon the grass. [e]


[d] Second Advent (Joel 3:16).


[e] Restoration of Israel (2 Sam. 23:4; Hos. 6:3).


13. A foolish son is the calamity of his father: [f] and the contentions of a wife are a continual dropping.


[f] E.g., Manasseh (2 Kings 21:1-16).


14. House and riches are the inheritance of fathers: and a prudent wife is from the LORD. [g]


[g] E.g., Ruth (Ruth 4:13-15) and Abigail (1 Sam. 25:23-42).


15. Slothfulness casteth into a deep sleep; and an idle soul shall suffer hunger. [h]


[h] Prov. 15:19, 6:6-9, 13:4; 2 Thess. 3:8-14.


16. He that keepeth the commandment keepeth his own soul; but he that despiseth his ways shall die.


17. He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the LORD; and that which he hath given will he pay him again.


18. Chasten thy son while there is hope, and let not thy soul spare for his crying.


19. A man of great wrath shall suffer punishment: for if thou deliver him, yet thou must do it again.


20. Hear counsel, and receive instruction, that thou mayest be wise in thy latter end.


21. There are many devices in a man’s heart; nevertheless the counsel of the LORD, that shall stand.


22. The desire of a man is his kindness: and a poor man is better than a liar.


23. The fear of the LORD tendeth to life: and he that hath it shall abide satisfied; he shall not be visited with evil. [i]


[i] Cf. Job 28:28, 8:13, 16:6 to see the exception to the rule.


24. A slothful man hideth his hand in his bosom, and will not so much as bring it to his mouth again.


25. Smite a scorner, and the simple will beware: and reprove one that hath understanding, and he will understand knowledge.


26. He that wasteth his father, and chaseth away his mother, is a son that causeth shame, and bringeth reproach. [j]


[j] Deut. 21:18-21.


27. Cease, my son, to hear the instruction that causeth to err from the words of knowledge.


28. An ungodly witness scorneth judgment: and the mouth of the wicked devoureth iniquity.


29. Judgments are prepared for scorners, and stripes for the back of fools.


>>>>>>> Additional Notes <<<<<<<


Appendix 7 — Popular Expressions

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Friday, September 18, 2026

 RRB notes: Psalm 108


Psalms 108 KJV


A Song or Psalm of David.


1. O God, my heart is fixed; I will sing and give praise, even with my glory.


2. Awake, psaltery and harp: I myself will awake early.


3. I will praise thee, O LORD, among the people: and I will sing praises unto thee among the nations. [a]


[a] See notes on Psa. 57:9, 67:4.


4. For thy mercy is great above the heavens: and thy truth reacheth unto the clouds.


5. Be thou exalted, O God, above the heavens: and thy glory above all the earth;


6. That thy beloved may be delivered: save with thy right hand, and answer me.


7. God hath spoken in his holiness; I will rejoice, I will divide Shechem, and mete out the valley of Succoth. [b]


[b] Vss. 7-11 are a reproduction of Psa. 60:6-12.


8. Gilead is mine; Manasseh is mine; Ephraim also is the strength of mine head; Judah is my lawgiver;


9. Moab is my washpot; over Edom will I cast out my shoe; over Philistia will I triumph.


10. Who will bring me into the strong city? who will lead me into Edom?


11. Wilt not thou, O God, who hast cast us off? and wilt not thou, O God, go forth with our hosts?


12. Give us help from trouble: [c] for vain is the help of man.


[c] Vss. 6, 11, and 12 are prayers for the Second Advent.


13. Through God we shall do valiantly: for he it is that shall tread down our enemies. [d]


[d] Second Advent (Rev. 14:20, 19:15).



>>>>>>> Additional Notes <<<<<<<


Note on Psa. 57:9 KJV


I will praise thee, O Lord, among the people: I will sing unto thee among the nations. [d]


[d] Millennium (Psa. 67:2, 108:3; Isa. 61:11; Jer. 31:7).

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Notes on Psa. 67:4 KJV


O let the nations be glad and sing for joy: for thou shalt judge the people righteously, and govern the nations [1] upon earth. [b] Selah.


[1] Notice, no “kingdom of God,” no “kingdom of heaven,” no “bringing in the kingdom,” no “on-going of Thy kingdom,” no Heaven, no Hell, no Body of Christ, and no religion. The verse is dealing with the government of the United Nations and its total destruction (Isa. 9:6-7; Dan. 2:44-45, 7:13-14; Rev. 2:26-27). This is why the Bible must be destroyed from all five continents before the “global community” can be “one big happy family.”


[b] Deut. 32:43; Isa. 2:2-4, 11:1-5, 65:16-19, 66:18=21, 62:1-7.

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 Proverbs Chapter 18


Proverbs 18 KJV


1. Through desire a man, having separated himself, [a] seeketh and intermeddleth with all wisdom. [1]


[a] Ezek. 14:7.


[1] In 1951, I used verses 1-2 to shake up the graduate faculty of the Seminary at Bob Jones University so badly they never got over it – literally. At that time, the faculty was  mainly “Five-point” Calvinistic Presbyterians connected with Princeton – the root of apostasy in America in the days of Hodge, Warfield, Machen, and Phillip Mauro. I used these two verses to prove that if you are dealing with an “intellectual,” you only had to ask him three questions. I would deal with all four men the same way since all unsaved intellectuals only study for the purpose of finding an alibi to do what they want to do. That “brought down the house.”

That was the only class at BJU where I got a “C” in six years of study. The rest were “As” and “Bs.” I “flushed the covey” and uncovered the “pig in the poke.” Naturally, every Bible version since 1951 changed Proverbs 18:1-2 to cover up for saved, religious intellectuals like my teachers at BJU.


2. A fool hath no delight in understanding, but that his heart may discover itself. [b]


[b] Eph. 4:18.


3. When the wicked cometh, then cometh also contempt, and with ignominy reproach.


4. The words of a man’s mouth are as deep waters, and the wellspring of wisdom as a flowing brook.


5. It is not good to accept the person of the wicked, to overthrow the righteous in judgment.


6. A fool’s lips enter into contention, and his mouth calleth for strokes. [c]


[c] E.g., Shimei (2 Sam. 16:5-9).


7. A fool’s mouth is his destruction, and his lips are the snare of his soul.


8. The words of a talebearer are as wounds, and they go down into the innermost parts of the belly.


9. He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a great waster.


10. The name of the LORD is a strong tower: the righteous runneth into it, and is safe.


11. The rich man’s wealth is his strong city, and as an high wall in his own conceit.


12. Before destruction the heart of man is haughty, [2] and before honour is humility. [d]


[2] Historical examples are too numerous to list. Among the most outstanding are men like Adolf Hitler, Mussolini, Napoleon, JFK, and Mahatma Gandhi.


[d] Memorize (Phil. 2:7-9).


13. He that answereth a matter before he heareth it, it is folly and shame unto him.


14. The spirit of a man will sustain his infirmity; but a wounded spirit who can bear?


15. The heart of the prudent getteth knowledge; and the ear of the wise seeketh knowledge.


16. A man’s gift maketh room for him, and bringeth him before great men.


17. He that is first in his own cause seemeth just; but his neighbour cometh and searcheth him.


18. The lot causeth contentions to cease, and parteth between the mighty.


19. A brother offended is harder to be won than a strong city: [e] and their contentions are like the bars of a castle.


[e] E.g., Adonijah (1 Kings 2:13-25).


20. A man’s belly shall be satisfied with the fruit of his mouth; and with the increase of his lips shall he be filled.


21. Death and life are in the power of the tongue: [f] and they that love it shall eat the fruit thereof.


[f] Memorize (see also comments on James 3:5-6).


22. Whoso findeth a wife findeth a good thing, and obtaineth favour of the LORD.


23. The poor useth intreaties; but the rich answereth roughly.


24. A man that hath friends must shew himself friendly: and there is a friend that sticketh closer than a brother.


>>>>>>> Additional Notes <<<<<<<


Comments on James 3:5-6 KJV


5. Even so the tongue is a little member, and boasteth great things. Behold, how great a matter a little fire kindleth! [2]


[2] Cf. Proverbs 26:20-21. As an illustration of this verse, if you add up the words in Hitler’s Mein Kampf, you would find that in World War II, 125 lives were lost for every word Hitler wrote, 4,700 people were killed for every page in the book, and 1,200,000 people died for every chapter.


6. And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity: so is the tongue among our members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the course of nature; and it is set on fire of hell. [d]


[d] “The fires of Hell are lit with shavings.”

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Thursday, September 17, 2026

 RRB notes: Psalm 107


Psalms 107 KJV


1. O give thanks unto the LORD, for he is good: for his mercy endureth for ever.


2. Let the redeemed of the LORD say so, whom he hath redeemed from the hand of the enemy; [a]


[a] A fulfillment of the prayer in Psa. 106:47.


3. And gathered them out of the lands, from the east, and from the west, from the north, and from the south.


4. They wandered in the wilderness [b] in a solitary way; they found no city to dwell in.


[b] Rev. 12:6, 14.


5. Hungry and thirsty, their soul fainted in them.


6. Then they cried unto the LORD in their trouble, [c] and he delivered them out of their distresses.


[c] Jer. 30:7.


7. And he led them forth by the right way, that they might go to a city of habitation. [d]


[d] See note on 2 Kings 14:7.


8. Oh that men would praise the LORD for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men!


9. For he satisfieth the longing soul, and filleth the hungry soul with goodness.


10. Such as sit in darkness [e] and in the shadow of death, being bound in affliction and iron;


[e] Vs. 14; Isa. 9:2, 42:7; Mic. 7:8; Luke 1:79.


11. Because they rebelled against the words of God, and contemned the counsel of the most High:


12. Therefore he brought down their heart with labour; they fell down, and there was none to help.


13. Then they cried unto the LORD in their trouble, and he saved them out of their distresses. [f]


[f] E.g. Manasseh (2 Chron. 33:11-13).


14. He brought them out of darkness and the shadow of death, and brake their bands in sunder.


15. Oh that men would praise the LORD for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men!


16. For he hath broken the gates of brass, and cut the bars of iron in sunder. [g]


[g] Heb. 4:12-13; Matt. 16:18; Jon. 2:6.


17. Fools because of their transgression, and because of their iniquities, are afflicted.


18. Their soul abhorreth all manner of meat; and they draw near unto the gates of death.


19. Then they cry unto the LORD in their trouble, and he saveth them out of their distresses.


20. He sent his word, and healed them, and delivered them from their destructions.


21. Oh that men would praise the LORD for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men!


22. And let them sacrifice [1] the sacrifices of thanksgiving, [h] and declare his works with rejoicing.


[1] The Lord’s Supper was never a sacrifice and will never be a sacrifice. The spiritual sacrifice, here, has nothing to do with any bloody sacrifice at any altar any more than the Lord’s Supper fits that formula.


[h] Heb. 13:15-16; 1 Pet. 2:5.


23. They that go down to the sea in ships, that do business in great waters;


24. These see the works of the LORD, and his wonders in the deep.


25. For he commandeth, and raiseth the stormy wind, which lifteth up the waves thereof.


26. They mount up to the heaven, they go down again to the depths: their soul is melted because of trouble.


27. They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man, and are at their wits’ end.


28. Then they cry unto the LORD in their trouble, and he bringeth them out of their distresses. [i]


[i] Vss. 23-28 are illustrated in Acts 27:1-25.


29. He maketh the storm a calm, so that the waves thereof are still.


30. Then are they glad because they be quiet; so he bringeth them unto their desired haven.


31. Oh that men would praise the LORD for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men!


32. Let them exalt him also in the congregation of the people, and praise him in the assembly of the elders.


33. He turneth rivers into a wilderness, and the watersprings into dry ground;


34. A fruitful land into barrenness, for the wickedness of them that dwell therein. [j]


[j] Israel from A.D. 70-1948.


35. He turneth the wilderness into a standing water, and dry ground into watersprings. [k]


[k] Rev. 12:14-16; Hos. 2:14-17; Dan. 9:26.


36. And there he maketh the hungry to dwell, that they may prepare a city for habitation;


37. And sow the fields, and plant vineyards, which may yield fruits of increase. [l]


[l] Vss. 37-38 are a Millennial reference (Mic. 4:3-4; Amos 9:13-15).


38. He blesseth them also, so that they are multiplied greatly; and suffereth not their cattle to decrease.


39. Again, they are minished and brought low through oppression, affliction, and sorrow.


40. He poureth contempt upon princes, [m] and causeth them to wander in the wilderness, where there is no way.


[m] Vss. 40-42 are Second Advent references (1 Sam. 2:4-10; Luke 1:47-55, 68-79).


41. Yet setteth he the poor on high from affliction, and maketh him families like a flock.


42. The righteous shall see it, and rejoice: and all iniquity shall stop her mouth.


43. Whoso is wise, and will observe these things, even they shall understand the lovingkindness of the LORD.


>>>>>>> Additional Notes <<<<<<<


Note on 2 Kings 14:7 KJV


He slew of Edom in the valley of salt ten thousand, and took Selah [1] by war, and called the name of it Joktheel unto this day.


[1] Here the word “Selah” is [חסֶלָה]. See Psalm 3:4, 4:2, 4, 21:2, 39:5, etc., for the word “Selah” there [סֶלָה]. On a map, it is called Selah-Petra, the “rock city.” There will be a reference to the Second Coming of Christ within two or three verses of the word every time it shows up. It is only recognized by scholars as a pause or musical note. The word means “rock” – the “rock of separations” (1 Sam. 23:28). Otherwise, it is the “Rock” mentioned over and over again in the Song of Moses (Deut. 32), with the entire song dealing with the Second Advent (cf. Psa. 107:4, 7, 36, 108:10, 31:21; Eccl. 10:15). The Jewish remnant will be going south of the Dead Sea into the “rock city” to hide in the last few hours before the Lord returns and saves them “in the nick of time” on a white horse (see App. 99).